ABT (Availability Based Tariff) is used to calculate the tariffs to be paid depending on the power generated. The calculations are based on the Unscheduled Interchange (UI) that is based on the difference between the Actual Export (AG) in MW and Scheduled Generation (SG) in MW. The UI per time block is given by (AG - SG)/ 4000.

This software is compatible with 10 Nexus 1260 Energy Meters, which is used to measure the power, generated from the feeder lines.

his software consists of 2 programs: -
ABT POLLING
ABT USER INPUT & REPORTS

System Configuration: -
Pentium IV with 256 MB Ram.
The operating system will be Windows XP.
Details of the hardware: -

The Nexus 1260 Energy Meter will be used to take the various measurements on the feeder lines. The Nexus 1260 transformer-rated, polyphase meter is a unique collection of metering technologies to fulfill critical metering requirements. It provides for high accuracy power and energy measurements of voltage, current and all power values, data logging and power quality recording. The unit makes the data available through the display-connected systems and historic logs.

Ten 1260 Energy meters will be installed in various feeder lines to measure the power from different feeder lines and calculations will take place automatically after every 15 minutes time block. Reports can be generated for all the ten meters as a summation.

Connections:-
ABT has the facility to establish the connection with the energy meter. Connections are established through LAN. The energy meters are connected to the PC by means of a switch. The IP address of PC and energy meters should remain unique as defined below:

Meter Serial Number              IP Address
312-81998                                192.168.54.18
312-82001                                192.168.54.19
312-81995                                192.168.54.20
312-81993                                192.168.54.21
312-81997                                192.168.54.22
312-81999                                192.168.54.23
312-81996                                192.168.54.24
312-82000                                192.168.54.25
312-81994                                192.168.54.26
312-82002                                192.168.54.27

PC                                           192.168.54.17

The address of each energy meter will be used to record the power and frequency of the feeder line in each energy meter.

There are two applications in ABT software. They are ABT polling application and ABT user input and reports application.

ABT POLLING: -

This application is used to record the power, frequency automatically from the feeder lines.

After running this application user should take a precaution by seeing to that this application should not get closed because if the application does close, it will miss the values for that particular time block and that can affect the calculations.
- Only the Administrator can close this application when required.
- Otherwise this application should run 24 hour a day.

Usage of the ABT Polling

ABT Polling application is used to connect the energy meters for 1 second polling of power and frequency.

When user opens the application, the screen shown below will be presented.
After running the application user cannot make changes in the connection. If user wants to change the connection, only Administrator has the authority to close the program and reconnect it on different connection.

When the user selects the Meter Communication menu option to connect the meters, a form will be loaded as shown below. He has to select the IP Addresses to connect with meters and then press the connect button. Connection will be established with the meters and polling of 1 second will start the flowing of values of power and frequency.
As IP address is unique for every energy meter, if user doesn't select any IP address, that meter will not be connected.

The Real time display - I Consists of the name of the feeder line attached to the corresponding energy meter. The current date and time are also shown. The instantaneous power flow through each feeder as recorded by the individual energy meter is displayed in the text box under the heading power flow (megawatts).

The average power flow for the time block (in megawatts) is also displayed instantaneously. The average power at various instances of time (t, in seconds)is calculated as follows:

(Average Power )t = 0 = (Power Flow) t=0
(Average Power )t = 1= ((Power Flow) t=1 + (Average Power)t=0)/2
(Average Power )t =2= ((Power Flow) t=2 + (Average Power)t=1)/2
……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
(Average Power )t =100= ((Power Flow) t=100 + (Average Power)t=99)/2
……………………………………………………………………

Then the day's export in MWH is displayed for each feeder line instantaneously. The day's export is the summation of the instantaneous power values. The day's export is initialized to zero at the beginning of each day.

The Real Time Display - II consists of date and current time text blocks.
The declared capacity and scheduled generation are displayed for the current time block after having extracted them from the database. The instantaneous net export in MW and the instantaneous frequency are shown in the respective text blocks. The actual export as a function of percentage of DC up to last time block is shown. The running average export of the current time block and the running average frequency of the current time block are calculated and displayed. The calculation of average power is as follows:

(Average Power )t = 0 = (Power Flow) t=0
(Average Power )t = 1= ((Power Flow) t=1 + (Average Power)t=0)/2
(Average Power )t =2= ((Power Flow) t=2 + (Average Power)t=1)/2
……………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………
(Average Power )t =100= ((Power Flow) t=100 + (Average Power)t=99)/2
Similarly, the average frequency of the current time block is calculated.

The Unscheduled Interchange (UI) in MU of the current time block is calculated as:
(Actual Export - Scheduled Generation)/4000.

The UI rate of the current time block is obtained from the frequency table where the UI rate for the current instantaneous frequency is stored. The net UI (in Rupees) of the current time block has to be calculated from the UI rate and shown in the text box. The net gain/loss in the current time block is also displayed. Asking rate in MW for remaining period of the time block to fulfill scheduled generation of the time block is given by the following expression:
Scheduled Generation x 15 - Actual Generation x elapsed time
Remaining Time

The day's DC is the summation of the declared capability of all the time blocks up to the last time block. The day's SG is the summation of the scheduled generation for all the time blocks up to the last time block. The day's AG is the summation of the actual generation for all time blocks up to the last time block. The day's UI (MU) is the summation of all the UI up to the last time block. The day's DC, SG, AG (all in MU) and UI each have a separate text box respectively. The net revenue up to the last time block is calculated as a summation of net revenues in all the time blocks prior to the current one.
The net revenue for a time block is calculated from the UI rate and the UI correction factor. The net gain/loss up to the last time block is calculated after subtracting the fuel cost from the net revenue. The declared capability and scheduled generation for the coming four time blocks after the current time block will be shown.

REAL TIME GRAPH

This is the Real time graph of polling of 1 second

ABT USER INPUT & REPORTS APPLICATION

ABT User Input & Reports is another application, which is used in entering the user input values and printing the reports.

Usage of ABT User Input & Reports Application

• Administrator Can Create User, Change Password or can delete User
• User can enter the values of Scheduled Generation, Declared Capability, Technical Minimum Load and Running Capacity for
that particular day and for the next day.
(Only administrator has the authority to change the values of Scheduled Generation, Declared Capability, Technical Minimum Load and Running capacity for any date he wants)
• Reports can be taken on a Daily and Monthly basis.
• A chart printout can be taken for a particular date.
• Administrator has the authority to change the Fuel Cost, Correction factor (f) and UI Rate.
• Administrator can add Technical minimum Load to Database so that any user can select for a different time block.
• Administrator can change the calculations for any date through "Update Calculations". This is useful when Fuel cost,
UI Rate or Correction factor is changed and user wants to change the calculations of previous month or specific date.

DATA INPUT

For adding the data input, the following screen has to be selected. This screen is shown when the Data input option is chosen. Here, the user enters Declared Capability, Scheduled Generation, Technical Minimum Load and Running Capacity. The data for Scheduled Generation (SG) and Technical Minimum Load can also be added through combo boxes that contain frequently used values in the drop-down list. The shift-in-charge has to select the value from the drop down box and that value will appear in the table.

NOTE: -. As can be seen, the time block is for 15 minutes. As calculations and polling are being done simultaneously, no transaction can be processed by the user between the time interval of 14min 30 sec and 15min of each time block. A message box will be displayed saying that transactions will be delayed in the last 30 seconds of a time block.

OPTIONS

Administrator is authorized to add or change the following things:
• Fuel Cost
• Correction Factor (f)
• Technical Minimum Load
• Update Calculations for specific period.

The fuel price in paise/KWH, the UI above DC correction factor F and the Technical Minimum Load is entered through the options segment of the main screen.

The value of Technical Minimum Load can be seen through the combo box which value is there in database.

New value can also be added to database for technical minimum load.

UPDATE CALCULATIONS

If the administrator changes the fuel Cost, Correction Factor (f) or UI Rate, he can update the previous calculations with new values of any month.

UI RATE
UI Rate is table that is stored in database. Administrator can change the rate as required.

CT & PT Ratio

The current transformer and potential transformer ratio can chosen for every meter through the screen shown below.

USERS

The creation of users, passwords and user levels are done through User selection in the main screen.

Only Administrator has the authority to create users, delete user or to change the password of any user.

REPORTS

Reports are generated from the Reports option of the main screen. The following reports will be generated as shown below.

• Unscheduled Interchange Report for date -(Type I)
• Unscheduled Interchange Report for date -(Type II)
• DC, SG, AG and UI figures for FSTPS
• Monthly schedule vs. Actual Generation and UI monitoring
• Analysis report
• Chart

User can take the reports of any date by selecting the date and by clicking on the name of the report he wants.

EXPORT TO EXCEL

The table that is stored in the database consisting of DC, AG, SG, UI and other values can be exported to an Excel spreadsheet for analysis.

IMPORTANT POINTS

• User has to enter declared capability (DC), scheduled generation (SG) and Technical Minimum Load and these data are stored in a database.
User is requested to insert the values of next day on present day.

• Provision is be made for updating of DC and SG data for elapsed time blocks for the current day by the shift-in-charge.

• All UI related calculations are updated with any change of DC, SG and fuel price.

• For generation above DC, a correction factor F is used.

• User has to wait for few seconds during the message asking him to wait for 30 seconds because some important calculations are
taking place.

• Administrator only can create users. Administrator Level is 0 and shift user Level is 1.